3.2.配置表单页面

生成应用

$ python manage.py startapp message

模板

编写模板文件

templates/message.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/style.css">
</head>
<body>
<form action="/form/" method="post" class="smart-green">
    <h1>留言信息
        <span>请留下你的信息.</span>
    </h1>
    <label>
        <span>姓名 :</span>
        <input id="name" type="text" name="name" class="error" placeholder="请输入您的姓名"/>
        <div class="error-msg"></div>
    </label>

    <label>
        <span>邮箱 :</span>
        <input id="email" type="email" value="" name="email" placeholder="请输入邮箱地址"/>
        <div class="error-msg"></div>
    </label>

    <label>
        <span>联系地址 :</span>
        <input id="address" type="text" value="" name="address" placeholder="请输入联系地址"/>
        <div class="error-msg"></div>
    </label>

    <label>
        <span>留言 :</span>
        <textarea id="message" name="message" placeholder="请输入你的建议"></textarea>
        <div class="error-msg"></div>
    </label>
    <div class="success-msg"></div>
    <label>
        <span>&nbsp;</span>
        <input type="submit" class="button" value="提交"/>
    </label>
    <input type='hidden' name='csrfmiddlewaretoken' value='SfHkbL4feo1G00sJQtbO7TtLN4c2BUwa'/>
</form>

</body>
</html>

配置模板位置

hello_django/settings.py

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        ...
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]
        ...
    },
]

静态文件

编写css文件

static/css/style.css

.smart-green {
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    max-width: 500px;
    background: #F8F8F8;
    padding: 30px 30px 20px 30px;
    font: 12px Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
    color: #666;
    border-radius: 5px;
    -webkit-border-radius: 5px;
    -moz-border-radius: 5px;
}

.smart-green h1 {
    font: 24px "Trebuchet MS", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
    padding: 20px 0px 20px 40px;
    display: block;
    margin: -30px -30px 10px -30px;
    color: #FFF;
    background: #9DC45F;
    text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #949494;
    border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px;
    -webkit-border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px;
    -moz-border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #89AF4C;
}

.smart-green h1 > span {
    display: block;
    font-size: 11px;
    color: #FFF;
}

.smart-green label {
    display: block;
    margin: 0px 0px 5px;
}

.smart-green label > span {
    float: left;
    margin-top: 10px;
    color: #5E5E5E;
}

.smart-green input[type="text"], .smart-green input[type="email"], .smart-green textarea, .smart-green select {
    color: #555;
    height: 30px;
    line-height: 15px;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px;
    margin-top: 2px;
    border: 1px solid #E5E5E5;
    background: #FBFBFB;
    outline: 0;
    -webkit-box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 2px rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.2);
    box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 2px rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.2);
    font: normal 14px/14px Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
}

.smart-green textarea {
    height: 100px;
    padding-top: 10px;
}


.smart-green .button {
    background-color: #9DC45F;
    border-radius: 5px;
    -webkit-border-radius: 5px;
    -moz-border-border-radius: 5px;
    border: none;
    padding: 10px 25px 10px 25px;
    color: #FFF;
    text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #949494;
}

.smart-green .button:hover {
    background-color: #80A24A;
}

.error-msg {
    color: red;
    margin-top: 10px;
}

.success-msg {
    color: #80A24A;
    margin-top: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

配置静态文件位置

hello_django/settings.py

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
]

配置数据库

配置数据库信息

hello_django/settings.py

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'hello_django',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': '123456',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
        'PORT': '3306'
    }
}

生成数据表

$ python manage.py makemigrations
$ python manage.py migrate

提示：若生成数据表时报错：No modele named MySQLdb。原因是没有安装mysql的驱动，通过以下命令安装

$ workon hello_django      # 进入虚拟环境
$ pip install mysql-python # 安装mysql驱动

配置url

先编写views，再配置url

编写views

message/views.py

def form_view(request):
    return render(request, 'message.html')

配置url

hello_django/urls.py

from message.views import form_view

urlpatterns = [
    path(r'^form/$', form_view),
    path('polls/', include('polls.urls')), # 包含其他urls.py
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]

不创建views，直接配置url

通过TemplateView

hello_django/urls.py

from django.views.generic import TemplateView

urlpatterns = [
    ...
    path('', TemplateView.as_view(template_name='index.html'), name='index'),
    ...
]
Previous11.0.常见问题Next3.3.orm介绍与model设计

Last updated

Was this helpful?